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Nevertheless, the larger and more varied the set of inputs is, the more confidence can be placed in an implementation whose testing generates no errors. Another issue it whether or not a certificate expires (e.g., good for 2 years or never expire). A testing laboratory can be an organization or individual, and can either be accredited from a formal accreditation organization such as NIST's National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) or recognized by the buyer, seller, and certificate issuer, as qualified to perform the testing. It's important to have several calls/meetings with the requesting department to get more clarity about their needs, ask them to get piece of paper and write on it what they need whatever they can write! A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. have been trained. The CoC can either be requested by a buyer to ensure the product being manufactured has been tested and passes the set criteria within a specification and meets both technical and safety requirements,or it would be a mandatory requirement as stated by country regulations and law for certain products, such as Bluetooth devices being sold in the USA. to a single product and is the most restrictive kind of Some importers choose to purchase components for their new products that are already certified to avoid needing to go through the testing and certification process. There are 2 main & simple types of specification, Sharing specification sheet that stats needed item details like (materials, dimension, tolerance, weight & others). Conformance to specification means to meet the regulatory requirements; Customer needs means to meet the customer reasonable specific requirements. tests or other criteria for comparing, examining and approving In fact, specification writing should begin very early on in a project lifecycle. According to a study by the Gartner Group[1], the private sector spends over $2.2 trillion on information technology (IT) annually. Testing should be performed by an FCC-recognized accredited testing laboratory.. DEVELOPING SPECIFICATIONS: Although PFi@("$0 (JDbyHA': F$%BIPAl4FP'aFYlO2f)m8c4&3 o7q$e9(#yd: Conformance testing provides software developers and users assurance and confidence that the conforming product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or possesses a prescribed interface or format. Well explain what a CoC is, what its used for, and what it includes. For software developers, using conformance test suites early-on in the development process can help improve the quality of their implementations by identifying areas in which they conform as well as those areas in which they do not. sizable latitude in how to accomplish the end purpose. There are two main types of specification when contracting namely: #1 CONFORMANCE SPECIFICATION With this type of specification the buyer says what they want and how they want it and the supplier has to meet this Examples of conformance specification are: Engineering drawing A chemical formula Model name, number or brand etc 0000002964 00000 n Each test should lend itself to providing objective, reproducible, unambiguous, and accurate results. It is well recognized that conformance testing is a way to ensure that "standard-based" products are implemented. 2. (a) Special marking as required under the applicable Military Specification [e.g. All Goods provided by Contractor to Company shall conform to Company's applicable specifications, drawings, samples or other descriptions. Conformance tests are meant to provide the users of conforming products some assurance or confidence that the product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or has an interface or format that is known. However, this is generally impossible for implementations of nontrivial specifications that are written in a natural language. Tip - The purchase specification is to allow purchasing to seek competitive quotations by forwarding the purchase specification to prospective suppliers. Examples of Conformance to specifications in a sentence. In essence, specifications are about communication and the exchange of information between the Customer, the designer, the contractor and all stakeholders in the project. Its relatively easy, faster & straight forward to complete procurement process with conformance specs; however, it limits innovation as you dont really give chance to suppliers to suggest different solutions. Specifically, if buyers don't demand that a product be . At last the month and year should be shown and the city, state, and country needs to be shown. . I will be discussing topics covering all aspects of the Supply chain (particularly Procurement) fuctions, Change Managment ideas and theories and IT software solutions (General focus being ERPSystems such as INFOR M3)For business needs. submitted written justification to this effect and the Director represents the kind of thinking in which architects and engineers Without a CoC, products may be impounded, confiscated, and in some case destroyed. "Design" in Often a hybrid of these is appropriate -- i.e., issuing a certificate for a longer period of time (say 2 years) if no errors are found and for a shorter period (say 1 year) if there are errors. Procurement has final responsibility for the competitiveness and Its use is called for where a structure or >> There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. Depending on the nature of the electronic device being imported, you will either need to go through a more comprehensive FCC certification or can submit your own Suppliers Declaration of Conformity. Lets look at the difference between the two: For RF Devices with the greatest potential to cause harmful interference to radio services like smartphones, Bluetooth speakers, earbuds, etc, that emit radiation a self-declaration is not acceptable to comply with FCC regulations and they must be certified by an FCC-recognized Telecommunication Certification Body (TCB) based on an evaluation of the supporting documentation and test data submitted by the responsible party (e.g., the manufacturer or importer) to the TCB. Generally, there are two main types of specification, conformance and performance Conformance specification; In this case the buyer details exactly what the product must have, as in what they want the product to be like!. DEVELOPING SPECIFICATIONS: Although A conformance clause is a section of a specification that states all the requirements or criteria that must be satisfied to claim conformance to the specification. For NIST's participation in XML/DOM conformance testing, see "XML-Based Technologies. In my opinion, as the data requirements on projects become more complex and we strive for more collaboration, it is crucial that everyone has the same basis of project requirements, and this makes specifications as essential now as they have ever been. It is a neutral mechanism to judge a product against the criteria of a standard or specification. is characteristic of construction or personal services contracts. 6. 136 Conformance vs. The procedures should also contain information on what must be done operationally when failures occur. all necessary drawings, dimensions, terms, and broad groupings are more particular types, including: brand-name 0000069347 00000 n Alternatively, the Java test suite can be downloaded and run locally. Failure to pass a test implies failure to conform. These are certainly all legitimate requirements but they are far from complete. competition consistent with seeking overall economy for the Early stage specifications can be seen as part of the review with the customer (internal or external) about what they are looking to achieve on the project. Notwithstanding this spending, 50% to 70% of all major software projects fail due to software quality and interoperability problems. Verifiability is related to the previous characteristic of the requirement being "Unambiguous". There is sometimes confusion between the two terms, however, in most cases, these two terms mean exactly the same thing and often comes down to the personal preference of the company that needs the certificate. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS DOM Test Suite - NIST has developed a comprehensive set of tests that will check for compliance with the Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Recommendation. Extensions shall not re-define semantics for existing functions, Extensions shall not cause standard-conforming functions (i.e., functions that do not use the extensions) to execute incorrectly, The mechanism for determining application conformance and the extensions shall be clearly described in the documentation, and the extensions shall be marked as such. They can also be selected from a drop down menu, executed and results displayed. Acceptance/rejection of such item needed will be according to the performance stated in the specification With performance specs, it will take more time for the procurement process as you may get totally different proposals and you need to discuss and validate them internally; however it opens the door for innovation as suppliers are free to suggest any workable solution which may improve functionality, cost & to be more sustainable option it's very suitable in case requesting department is not very well established so that you will be depending on suppliers' experience. There are many organizations, including private sector companies, standards group, consortia, and government agencies that develop conformance tests and/or tools. and more interested in what a product does. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------, Lisa J. Carnahan National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Gaithersburg, Md. tested and are considered equal, state testing methods specifications; brand-name-or-equal specifications; design What makes a good specification in procurement? (3) list reproducible test methods to be used in testing for Does a KitchenAid have a juicer attachment? should be limited and justified before solicitation. be as non-restrictive as practicable, consistent with satisfying Here, suppliers need to get like briefing about working environment of such item needed then they will start thinking/designing a solution for you and maybe they will even propose different options in which a lot of collaborative and joint discussions/sessions will be needed between suppliers with requesting departments and procurement. ", Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), conformity - fulfillment of a product, process or service of specified requirements. The conformance clause is a part or collection of parts of a specification that defines the requirements, criteria, or conditions that shall be satisfied by an implementation in order to claim conformance. They rely on self-assessment by the implementer (1st party testing) and acceptance testing by buyers. met to be considered responsive. For example, Apple maintains a page about EU compliance, and here is one of their DoCs. quantity scheduled purchases. A good specification should do four things: (1) Identify minimum requirements, (2) allow for a competitive bid, (3) list reproducible test methods to be used in testing for compliance with specifications, and (4) provide for an equitable award at the lowest possible cost. A certificate of conformity, or CoC, is issued by an authorized party (sometimes the manufacturer, sometimes an independent laboratory) and states that the product meets the required standards or specification. of Procurement has approved the use. These requirements are specified in a standard or specification as either part of a conformance clause or in the body of the specification. products of a particular manufacturer as having the Conformance testing (also called conformity assessment) is a way of verifying implementations of a specification to determine whether or not deviations from the specification exist. This makes the purchasing process inefficient. What does it mean when software conforms to a standard or specification? It, in turn, refers to other parts of the standard. According to the FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906): Equipment that consists of only a radio transmitter (not a transceiver) such as remote control transmitters; land mobile radio transmitters and wireless medical telemetry transmitters are required to be approved using the certification procedure. Dr. W. Edwards Deming is often linked with approaches to improvement that carry labels such as TQM, Six Sigma, and Lean. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Departments using design Additional information about these test suites and the W3C Recommendations are available from: NIST http://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html, OASIS http://www.oasis-open.org/committees. Importers of some consumer electronic products that intentionally or non-intentionally emit radiation between 9kHz to 3,000 GHz radio frequency range including personal computers, fans, power stations for devices, LED lights, TV remotes, etc, into the USA must issue a Suppliers Declaration of Conformity (SDoC) which is supported by lab tests that may or may not be performed by an FCC-recognized and accredited lab as long as the testing is correct according to the standards (or may also choose to get the product certified as described above in some cases). For any . At the end of the 1-year period, the implementer would have to correct the errors to renew the certificate. used to establish the QPL and indicate steps to be taken 0000008579 00000 n As a practical matter, the board is usually comprised of representative from the testing laboratories and representatives from the standards body. Equipment authorized under the SDoC procedure is not listed in a Commission database. The following are illustrative examples. Applications often do not require all the features within a standard. trailer << /Size 1253 /Info 1209 0 R /Root 1216 0 R /Prev 331028 /ID[<421cc0d9af76233486a43ba075a266a0><421cc0d9af76233486a43ba075a266a0>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 1216 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1212 0 R /Metadata 1210 0 R /Outlines 157 0 R /OpenAction [ 1217 0 R /XYZ null null null ] /PageMode /UseNone /PageLabels 1208 0 R /StructTreeRoot 1206 0 R /PieceInfo << /MarkedPDF << /LastModified (D:20020325133406)>> >> /LastModified (D:20020325133406) /MarkInfo << /Marked true /LetterspaceFlags 0 >> >> endobj 1251 0 obj << /S 702 /O 971 /L 987 /C 1003 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1252 0 R >> stream A test suite, which is a combination of test software, test procedures and test documentation, is used to check an implementation for conformance to a specification. QualityInspection.org does not present this information as a basis for you to make decisions, and we do not accept any liability if you do so. or other required characteristics should be clearly As a procurement professional . Here's why. Lock SPECIFICATION DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS. FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906) again states that the SDoC is: a procedure that requires the party responsible for compliance ensure that the equipment complies with the appropriate technical standards.