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*Epinephrine counteracts the effects of histamine in anaphylactic shock. inflammatory response, inflammatory response Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? Definition. the . thyroid and tonsils they are lost as we age. C infection. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. What does this evidence tell you about this chemical? 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. C white blood cells. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. swelling False, False Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. Consider the leg as two rods joined rigidly together at the knee; the axis for the leg is the hip joint. causing them to burst. Let the upper rod have a mass of 7.0kg7.0 \mathrm{~kg}7.0kg and the lower rod a mass of 4.0kg4.0 \mathrm{~kg}4.0kg. endobj Find P(X = k) for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3. Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. Legal. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? 35 Questions Show answers Question 1 10 seconds Q. Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. (c) What initiates the period of decline? All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? for which type of hepatitis is there no vaccine available? If clearly labeled, food and drink are permitted in areas where BBP exposures may occur. They are both forms of active immunity. Calculate the natural swinging period of the system. The risk of HIV/AIDS transmission from a needle stick is approximately _____ percent. During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patients gum with a sharp instrument. Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? systemic lupus erythematosus Where does the lymphatic system empty into the cardiovascular system? Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. 27. OSHA is responsible for the general safety and well-being of employees in almost all workplace environments and is a part of the United States Department of Labor, "In regards to bloodborne pathogen awareness and exposure prevention, you are held to the level of accountability as any other person working in the healthcare setting.". School Georgia State University; Course Title MATH 2212; Type. IgM Each line of The tile will have the following form: For example, suppose that the file contains the following lines: The output of the program should have the following appearance: Have the program obtain the file name from the command line. How often is bloodborne pathogens training required? tuberculosis Salmonella is the name of a group of bacteria that causes the infection salmonellosis. difficulty breathing, difficulty breathing Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system? AIDS all of the following are common viginal infections except? *(g) chiral. macrophages B. Cryptococcus Science; Biology; Biology questions and answers; Which of the following is the best storage solution for transporting a sputum sample containing a potential pathogen? possess specific receptors. D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? Approximately how many people in New Mexico are infected with the HIV and/or AIDS? Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. Which of the following is not a vaccine recommended for college students? They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? 11. Leishmania (Leishmaniasis). Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? ____ 1. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? 32. You also discover that it targets liver cells. Solved 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - | Chegg.com *The RhoGAM shot is an example of passive immunity. Does the Earth really go around the Sun? Multiple Choice. Draw the symbol that represents the pathogen. IgG The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. False 3. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. 4. 4 0 obj produces T and B cells. 5. Any substance that the white blood cells recognize as foreign is known as what? Human health and the environmental introduction Flashcards | Quizlet people who were recently vaccinated for the flu. In what way are lymphatic vessels unlike veins in the cardiovascular system? basophils *The spleen cleanses the blood. 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) This category is best described by which of the following? (f) gel filtration. A Cold and flu Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. it coats the surface of the pathogens to make them easily recognizable View the full answer False 2. "Unlike HBV for which a vaccination exists, currently there is no vaccination for HCV". IgG active, neutral False, True Section: 07.04. Signs of a disease are objective and are measured. "Even indirect contact with HBV, such as getting spilled blood on a small cut on your hand, is considered a significant sourse of occupational exposure. HCG Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. Chapter 1 Flashcards The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. True *(e) gel permeation. If it were positive, the site of the test would become hardened and red. It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Learn more about OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens (online CE course) Which of the following is NOT classified as a bloodborne pathogen? B Measles As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). 33. Section: 07.02. - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 4: The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. a. C Viruses 26. The bacterium was found on hospital sinks. sebaceous secretions EKG, MHC - produces protease. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? passive, neutral *The purpose of a vaccination is to prevent an infection by causing active immunity. 9. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? what is the function of human lymphatic system? helps other immune responses. u|m_0 O0"Nff ~#e It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. ##Qmv&,! PCR This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? The relative risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is great. 1 0 obj phagocytosis ______________ include cells from humans, animals, plants, protozoa, fungi, and most algae. Symptoms of a disease are subjective and are reported by the patient. Section: 07.02, The membrane attack complex of the complement system is not effective against viruses. *IgE antibody levels rise in an parasite infection and would therefore be higher than normal. Which pathogen is most virulent? Uploaded By AndreaM8. 15. 25. In what position would you place a client in suspected hypovolemic shock? B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. Universal response b. eosinophils The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine. A . When stung by a bee, Jackie goes into anaphylactic shock. Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. True Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. 2. Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? Inflammation is a response to infection or injury that helps the body heal. Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. 36. A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. Which indirect object pronoun correctly completes the answer? ", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 is directed towards which healthcare concern? ____ 1. B Measles PDF Name: Class: Date: ID: A - Occupational Safety and Health Administration (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bloodborne diseases are most commonly spread through mother-to-child transmission, unprotected sex, and:, Which of the following describes proper use of PPE to safeguard against exposure to bloodborne pathogens?, If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and . HBV is known to have survived in dried blood for up to ____ days and pose a serious risk of exposure during that time. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? stream It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. immediate allergic Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. IgE antibodies are responsible for the immediate allergic response and protection against parasitic worms. B Bacteria Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct. IgG antibodies bind to pathogens, activate the compliment and enhance phagocytosis. q"]dg' ~2CqfR Z:+ C2'\&zQH4U^;D},}y 7HhTKy/5z'/wj\jB}H+Dzzke/}^bTY9bH]K0mY&0 j0#\0p(-&T"vUYIAcD+Hdb->[[~@+u@*i!VI7kiT.&S6dI&ezre^Zm;U;-)oR.s. ~s9(kB4)a26;]DP/>EahC_6KaKfho s2Lr`P(L"eG5dM|cGzU\BVszPdQj-XT2%dsg*fs9]XG%ZZ4cCzaOOzdivV> They must then receive a copy of the evaluation within ___ days, The hepatitis B virus can last for up to seven days outside of the body. It acts as an opsonin i.e. If the lymph system did not do its job, what would be one of the consequences? Which pathogen needs a host cell to reproduce? 36. Micro Bio Final Exam Flashcards | Quizlet Hypersensitivity to a substance in one's diet or environment is called what? It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. involves chemical barriers to entry. Flashcards - Health 21 Chapter 16 - FreezingBlue A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Noise Term Section: 07.03, Which of the following is in the correct order in the formation of antibodies? Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. Describe how molecular Koch's postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. Calculate the outside air temperature. )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 endobj In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. innate Microbiology Ch. 35 Flashcards | Quizlet (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? 18. An employee who has been exposed to blood or OPIM must be offered a private medical evaluation. (c) What initiates the period of decline? inactivating their ribosomes. active, passive She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. *IgM antibodies activate the complement and clump cells. *The Mantoux skin test uses the delayed allergic response to indicate exposure to tuberculosis. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever *Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the inflammatory response. The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. become plasma cells. heat Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? Modify the Programming Project from earlier chapter so that the program reads a series of items from a file and displays the data in columns. Under these conditions, which antibody levels would be higher than normal? Which of the following are most likely to be - Course Hero who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? - virulence by inducing host cells to self destruct 2. Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? How much to the bowl? *:Q ]+]lroYQ-Q$2B&qQ1pLOQ;tg# . The thymus cleanses the blood from the cardiovascular system of cellular debris and bacteria. Ability to adhere to, colonize, or invade the host 3. Ch. 17 Multiple Choice - Microbiology | OpenStax *Rheumatic fever is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves. Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. Can you place a MediaView in multiple Panes? False, False Which pathogen is most virulent? Any visible signs of illness could affect the observations made. steroid Which of the following is the correct definition of the term Nosocomial Infection? a. pathogens They are both forms of neutral immunity. Since fungal infections are of a certain type of microorganism, areas o fhte that can be infected include all but which of the following? T cells can recognize antigens because they D Yeast infections, What pathogen causes diseases that are often spread through contaminated water? Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? the purpose of a protective environment for highly immunosuppressed patient is prevent transmission of infection to patient, Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology: Cha, Radiation Protection Radiation Monitoring, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. antibodies. *(c) ion. Hepatitis B c. HIV d. E.coli Definition a. Section: 07.05, Which class of antibodies plays a role in activating the complement and clumping cells? B. B Virus eosinophils and neutrophils i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ destroying their nucleic acids. Approximately how many people are affected by nosocomial infections each year in the United States? *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? Section: 07.03, The acquired defense system only recognizes and destroys cells with antigens that come from outside the body. The length of each rod is about the same: assume 55cm55 \mathrm{~cm}55cm. bacteria The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: A mucous membranes. Protozoal infection may lead to ht edevelopmen t of all the following conditions except? Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. Apply. Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. a. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body Can you place a MediaPlayer in multiple MediaViews? All of the following diseases are primarily spread by animals or insects except? These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following is NOT a pathogen? Section: 07.01. Since some bacteria in a biofilm are not actively growing (or are in exponential, or log, phase), they would not be affected by antibiotics. <> 1. When the immune system fails to recognize its own body tissue and begins to attack it, it is known as what? (d) affinity. The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. Biofilm forms EPS, which allows the bacteria to remain attached to the host tissues. Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? they act indiscriminately against all pathogens.